Insects
Insect pests are among the most well-known plant pests. They include aphids, thrips, whitefly, leaf miners, caterpillars, beetles, and many others. These insects often feed on plant tissues, causing damage to leaves, flowers and fruits. They can also transmit diseases to plants.
Mites
Plant-feeding mites, such as spider mites, are tiny arachnids that pierce plant cells and suck out their contents, causing damage to leaves, flowers and fruits.
Plant-parasitic nematodes
Plant-parasitic nematodes are microscopic worms that can infest plant roots, affecting the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients. Root-knot nematodes are a common example.